Lesson 3: Bunsen Burners Revision Notes
Lesson Objectives
By the end of this revision session you should be able to:
Grade C: Name the parts of a Bunsen burner and identify the risks (dangers) associated with using Bunsen burners.
Grade B: Safely light (start) and turn off (stop) a Bunsen burner.
Grade A: Know what the 3 different flame types are used for in experiments.
Introduction to Bunsen Burners
Bunsen burners are a common piece of laboratory equipment. They produce a flame used for heating, sterilising (making something free from bacteria), and combustion (burning). Learning to use them safely is crucial (very important) for any young scientist.
Key Parts and Their Functions
Chimney (Tube): The long part where the flame comes out.
Base: The bottom part that stabilises (keeps steady) the burner.
Air Hole/Collar: Adjusts the amount of air mixing with the gas, changing the flame type.
Safety Precautions (Actions to Stay Safe)
Burning Yourself: Use a long splint (thin wood piece) to light the burner to keep your hand away from the flame.
Preventing Explosions: Turn on the gas only when ready to light it to avoid gas build-up.
Seeing the Flame: The blue flame can be hard to see, so use a yellow flame for visibility or turn it off when not in use.
Hot Barrel: The barrel can get very hot; handle it by the base or wait for it to cool down.
Lighting the Bunsen Burner and Flame Types
Connecting and Safety Check: Attach the hose to the gas tap and check it's secure.
Lighting: With the air hole closed, open the gas tap slightly, use a lighted splint to light the burner.
Adjusting Flame Types:
Roaring Blue Flame: Air hole fully open.
Gentle Blue Flame: Air hole half open.
Safety/Yellow Flame: Air hole closed.
Using Different Flames
Roaring Blue Flame: High heat, used for quick heating.
Safety/Yellow Flame: Medium heat, used for gentle heating and may become sooty (covered in black powder).
Gentle Blue Flame: Low heat, visible and safer to use when not actively heating something.
Keywords and Definitions
Bunsen Burner: A piece of lab equipment that produces a single open gas flame.
Flame: The visible, light-emitting part of a fire.
Burner: A device that mixes fuel and air to produce a stable flame used for heating.
Test yourself
Bunsen burners are a gateway to understanding chemical reactions and the principles of heat. With these notes, you're equipped to handle them safely and responsibly. Remember, the key to success in the lab is caution and curiosity. Keep exploring safely!
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